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1.
Med. clín (Ed. impr.) ; 154(8): 289-294, abr. 2020. graf, tab
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-193198

RESUMO

ANTECEDENTES Y OBJETIVO: El tratamiento con hormona de crecimiento recombinante humana (rhGH) en niños nacidos pequeños para la edad gestacional (PEG) se ha mostrado eficaz, aunque con variedad en la respuesta. Se evalúa la talla adulta y los factores que determinan la respuesta a largo plazo. PACIENTES Y MÉTODOS: Estudio retrospectivo de 80 pacientes PEG tratados con rhGH por baja talla y seguidos hasta la talla adulta (23 varones). RESULTADOS: El grupo que inició el tratamiento antes de la pubertad alcanzó mayor talla adulta (−1,4±0,6 vs. −1,9±0,6 púberes). Existió mayor ganancia de talla en los tratados durante ≥ 2 años en prepubertad (1,32±0,5 SDE). Los factores asociados con una mayor ganancia de talla fueron: a) la menor talla, peso e IMC al inicio; b) la menor edad cronológica, ósea y el menor nivel de IGF-I iniciales; c) la mayor distancia con la talla genética; d) la mayor velocidad de crecimiento el primer y el segundo año y la mayor ganancia de talla previa y durante la pubertad. El porcentaje de buena respuesta en el primer año varió entre el 46,6 y el 81,6% en función del criterio empleado. El incremento de la velocidad de crecimiento≥3cm/año es el que mejor se relaciona con buena respuesta a largo plazo. CONCLUSIONES: El tratamiento con rhGH en niños PEG produce un incremento variable de talla adulta, que les permite alcanzar su rango genético. Los mejores resultados se producen en el grupo con mayor número de años en tratamiento en la prepubertad y no dependen de la respuesta hipofisaria de GH


BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Recombinant human growth hormone (rhGH) treatment in small for gestational age (SGA) children has been effective, although there is significant variability in the response. Adult height and the factors that determine the long-term response are evaluated. Patients and DESIGN: A retrospective study of 80 patients born SGA with short stature treated with rhGH and followed until adult height (23 males). RESULTS: The group starting treatment pre-puberty reached a higher Adult height (−1.4±0.6 vs. −1.9±.6 in pubertal children), the highest final height gain was achieved in those treated for at least 2years prepuberty (1.32±.5 SDS). Factors associated with greater adult height gain were: a) less height, weight and BMI at start of treatment, b) lower chronological and bone age with lower IGF-I before treatment, c) greater distance to target height, d) higher growth velocity the first and second year of treatment, and higher height gain before and during puberty. The percentage of patients with good response in the first year ranged from 46.6% to 81.6% depending on the criteria. Growth velocity increase ≥3cm/ first year correlated best with long-term response. CONCLUSION: rhGH treatment in children born SGA produced a varying increase in adult height that allowed them to reach their adult height. The best results occurred in the prepubertal group and did not depend on pituitary GH response


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Criança , Adolescente , Recém-Nascido Pequeno para a Idade Gestacional/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Doenças do Recém-Nascido/diagnóstico , Doenças do Recém-Nascido/genética , Resultado do Tratamento , Transtornos do Crescimento/tratamento farmacológico , Hormônio do Crescimento/administração & dosagem , Estudos Retrospectivos , Transtornos do Crescimento/etiologia , Índice de Massa Corporal , Peso-Estatura/genética
2.
Med Clin (Barc) ; 154(8): 289-294, 2020 04 24.
Artigo em Inglês, Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31427155

RESUMO

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Recombinant human growth hormone (rhGH) treatment in small for gestational age (SGA) children has been effective, although there is significant variability in the response. Adult height and the factors that determine the long-term response are evaluated. PATIENTS AND DESIGN: A retrospective study of 80 patients born SGA with short stature treated with rhGH and followed until adult height (23 males). RESULTS: The group starting treatment pre-puberty reached a higher Adult height (-1.4±0.6 vs. -1.9±.6 in pubertal children), the highest final height gain was achieved in those treated for at least 2years prepuberty (1.32±.5 SDS). Factors associated with greater adult height gain were: a) less height, weight and BMI at start of treatment, b) lower chronological and bone age with lower IGF-I before treatment, c) greater distance to target height, d) higher growth velocity the first and second year of treatment, and higher height gain before and during puberty. The percentage of patients with good response in the first year ranged from 46.6% to 81.6% depending on the criteria. Growth velocity increase ≥3cm/ first year correlated best with long-term response. CONCLUSION: rhGH treatment in children born SGA produced a varying increase in adult height that allowed them to reach their adult height. The best results occurred in the prepubertal group and did not depend on pituitary GH response.


Assuntos
Estatura , Hormônio do Crescimento Humano , Recém-Nascido Pequeno para a Idade Gestacional , Adulto , Feminino , Hormônio do Crescimento , Hormônio do Crescimento Humano/uso terapêutico , Humanos , Recém-Nascido , Masculino , Estudos Retrospectivos
4.
An. pediatr. (2003. Ed. impr.) ; 87(2): 78-86, ago. 2017. tab, ilus, graf
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-165532

RESUMO

Introducción y objetivos: Se presenta nuestra experiencia en hipertensión intracraneal idiopática (HII) preimplantación y postimplantación de un protocolo específico de actuación. Material y métodos: Estudio descriptivo retrospectivo de los pacientes con diagnóstico de HII en 25 años (1990-2015), comparando los últimos 7 años (tras implantar protocolo) con los 18 previos. Resultados: De 18.865 pacientes valorados en 25 años, hay 54 casos de HII (29 lactantes y 25 niños mayores). Se comparan ambos periodos: 32 casos de 1990-2008 -publicados en An Pediatr (Barc). 2009;71:400-6- y 23 de 2008-2015. En el periodo posprotocolo, hubo 13 pacientes entre 3 y 10 meses (62% varones) con abombamiento transitorio de fontanela y 10 entre 2 y 14 años (50% varones) con papiledema. El 54% de los lactantes habían finalizado recientemente tratamiento corticoideo por bronquitis. En los mayores, un caso asoció trombosis de senos venosos por otomastoiditis, otro tratamiento corticoideo por angioma y otro tratamiento con hormona de crecimiento. Se hizo ecografía transfontanelar a todos los lactantes; TAC, RM y angioRM a todos los mayores, y punción lumbar a 2 lactantes (por sospecha de meningitis) y a todos los mayores. Todos los pacientes evolucionaron favorablemente; solo en 3 se instauró tratamiento. Una paciente recidivó. Discusión: Las características y la evolución de los pacientes son superponibles en todos los años. La HII suele tener un curso favorable, aunque puede tardar en resolverse en niños mayores y presentar graves repercusiones visuales, por lo que precisa estrecho control oftalmológico. Destacamos la utilidad del protocolo para facilitar la toma de decisiones diagnósticas, de seguimiento y tratamiento (AU)


Introduction: We present our experience on idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH), before and after the introduction of a specific diagnosis and management protocol. Method: A descriptive retrospective study was conducted on patients with IIH over a 25 year period (1990-2015), comparing the last 7 years (after introduction of the protocol) with the previous 18 years. Results: Among the 18,865 patients evaluated, there were 54 cases of IIH (29 infants and 25 children). A comparison was made between the two time periods: 32 cases in 1990-2008 -published in An Pediatr (Barc). 2009;71:400-6-, and 23 cases in 2008-2015. In post-protocol period, there were 13 patients aged between 3-10 months (62% males) with transient bulging fontanelle, and 10 aged between 2-14 years (50% males), with papilloedema. A total of 54% of infants had recently finished corticosteroid treatment for bronchitis. In the older children, there was one case associated with venous thrombosis caused by otomastoiditis, one case on corticosteroid treatment for angioma, and another case treated with growth hormone. Transfontanelle ultrasound was performed on all infants, and CT, MRI and angio-MRI was performed on every child. Lumbar puncture was performed on 2 infants in whom meningitis was suspected, and in all children. All patients progressed favourably, with treatment being started in 3 of them. One patient relapsed. Discussion: Characteristics and outcomes of patients overlap every year. IIH usually has a favourable outcome, although it may be longer in children than in infants. It can cause serious visual disturbances, so close ophthalmological control is necessary. The protocol is useful to ease diagnostic decisions, monitoring, and treatment (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Lactente , Pré-Escolar , Criança , Adolescente , Pseudotumor Cerebral/epidemiologia , Hipertensão Intracraniana/diagnóstico , Estudos Retrospectivos , Papiledema/etiologia , Protocolos Clínicos , Fontanelas Cranianas , Fatores de Risco , Cefaleia/etiologia , Fundo de Olho
5.
An. pediatr. (2003. Ed. impr.) ; 86(1): 11-19, ene. 2017. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-159130

RESUMO

OBJETIVO: Estudio de las epilepsias según la edad de inicio de las crisis y la etiología, de los pacientes controlados en una unidad de neuropediatría durante 3 años. PACIENTES Y MÉTODOS: Estudio de cohortes históricas. Revisión de historias de niños con epilepsia de la base de datos de neuropediatría controlados del 1 de enero de 2008 al 31 de diciembre de 2010. RESULTADOS: De 4.595 ni˜nos atendidos en el periodo, se estableció el diagnóstico de epilepsia en 605 (13,17%), siendo 277 (45,79%) epilepsias sintomáticas, 156 (25,79%) idiopáticas y 172 (28,43%) criptogénicas. La epilepsia de ausencias y la epilepsia benigna de la infancia con paroxismos centrotemporales son los síndromes epilépticos idiopáticos con mayor prevalencia, y las encefalopatías prenatales las epilepsias sintomáticas más prevalentes. El 26,12% iniciaron su epilepsia el primer a˜no, siendo sintomáticas el 67,72%. Se han considerado refractarias el 25,29% de las epilepsias; el 42,46% asocia déficit cognitivo, el 26,45% afectación motora y el 9,92% trastorno del espectro autista, siendo más frecuentes a menor edad de inicio. CONCLUSIONES: La ausencia de una clasificación universalmente aceptada de los síndromes epilépticos dificulta trabajos como este, empezando por la terminología. Una clasificación útil es la etiológica, con 2 grupos: un gran grupo con las etiologías establecidas o síndromes genéticos muy probables, y otro de casos sin causa establecida. La edad de inicio de la epilepsia en cada grupo etiológico añade orientación pronóstica. El pronóstico de la epilepsia lo ensombrecen la refractariedad y las alteraciones asociadas del neurodesarrollo, siendo peor en general a más precoz inicio y en etiologías concretas


OBJECTIVE: A study of epilepsy, according to the age at onset of the crisis and its causes, monitored by a Paediatric Neurology Unit over a period of three years. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Historical cohorts study was conducted by reviewing the Paediatric Neurology medical records data base of epileptic children followed-up from 1 January 2008 to 31 December 2010. RESULTS: A total of 4,595 children were attended during the study period. The diagnosis of epilepsy was established in 605 (13.17%): 277 (45.79%) symptomatic, 156 (25.79%) idiopathic, and 172 (28.43%) with cryptogenic epilepsy. Absence epilepsy and benign childhood epilepsy with centro-temporal spikes are the idiopathic epileptic syndromes most prevalent, and the most prevalent symptomatic epilepsies are prenatal encephalopathies. More than one-quarter (26.12%) of epilepsies began in the first year of life, and 67.72% were symptomatic. Refractory epilepsy was observed in 25.29%, 42.46% with cognitive impairment, 26.45% with motor involvement, and 9.92% with an autism spectrum disorder, being more frequent at an earlier age of onset. CONCLUSIONS: The absence of a universally accepted classification of epileptic syndromes makes tasks like this difficult, starting with the terminology. A useful classification would be aetiological, with two groups: a large group with established aetiology, or very likely genetic syndromes, and another with no established cause. The age of onset of epilepsy in each aetiological group helps in the prognosis, which is worsened by refractoriness and associated neurodevelopmental disorders, and are generally worse at an earlier onset and in certain aetiologies


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Criança , Pediatria/educação , Epilepsia/metabolismo , Epilepsia/patologia , Encefalopatias/patologia , Transtorno do Espectro Autista/diagnóstico , Epilepsia Neonatal Benigna/congênito , Esclerose/patologia , Pediatria/métodos , Epilepsia/diagnóstico , Epilepsia/embriologia , Encefalopatias/congênito , Transtorno do Espectro Autista/complicações , Espanha/etnologia , Epilepsia Neonatal Benigna/patologia , Esclerose/congênito
6.
An Pediatr (Barc) ; 87(2): 78-86, 2017 Aug.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27743967

RESUMO

INTRODUCTION: We present our experience on idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH), before and after the introduction of a specific diagnosis and management protocol. METHOD: A descriptive retrospective study was conducted on patients with IIH over a 25year period (1990-2015), comparing the last 7years (after introduction of the protocol) with the previous 18years. RESULTS: Among the 18,865 patients evaluated, there were 54 cases of IIH (29 infants and 25 children). A comparison was made between the two time periods: 32 cases in 1990-2008 -published in An Pediatr (Barc). 2009;71:400-6-, and 23 cases in 2008-2015. In post-protocol period, there were 13 patients aged between 3-10months (62% males) with transient bulging fontanelle, and 10 aged between 2-14years (50% males), with papilloedema. A total of 54% of infants had recently finished corticosteroid treatment for bronchitis. In the older children, there was one case associated with venous thrombosis caused by otomastoiditis, one case on corticosteroid treatment for angioma, and another case treated with growth hormone. Transfontanelle ultrasound was performed on all infants, and CT, MRI and angio-MRI was performed on every child. Lumbar puncture was performed on 2 infants in whom meningitis was suspected, and in all children. All patients progressed favourably, with treatment being started in 3 of them. One patient relapsed. DISCUSSION: Characteristics and outcomes of patients overlap every year. IIH usually has a favourable outcome, although it may be longer in children than in infants. It can cause serious visual disturbances, so close ophthalmological control is necessary. The protocol is useful to ease diagnostic decisions, monitoring, and treatment.


Assuntos
Pseudotumor Cerebral/diagnóstico , Pseudotumor Cerebral/terapia , Adolescente , Algoritmos , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Protocolos Clínicos , Feminino , Humanos , Lactente , Masculino , Estudos Retrospectivos , Fatores de Tempo
7.
An Pediatr (Barc) ; 86(1): 11-19, 2017 Jan.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27291698

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: A study of epilepsy, according to the age at onset of the crisis and its causes, monitored by a Paediatric Neurology Unit over a period of three years. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Historical cohorts study was conducted by reviewing the Paediatric Neurology medical records data base of epileptic children followed-up from 1 January 2008 to 31 December 2010. RESULTS: A total of 4,595 children were attended during the study period. The diagnosis of epilepsy was established in 605 (13.17%): 277 (45.79%) symptomatic, 156 (25.79%) idiopathic, and 172 (28.43%) with cryptogenic epilepsy. Absence epilepsy and benign childhood epilepsy with centro-temporal spikes are the idiopathic epileptic syndromes most prevalent, and the most prevalent symptomatic epilepsies are prenatal encephalopathies. More than one-quarter (26.12%) of epilepsies began in the first year of life, and 67.72% were symptomatic. Refractory epilepsy was observed in 25.29%, 42.46% with cognitive impairment, 26.45% with motor involvement, and 9.92% with an autism spectrum disorder, being more frequent at an earlier age of onset. CONCLUSIONS: The absence of a universally accepted classification of epileptic syndromes makes tasks like this difficult, starting with the terminology. A useful classification would be aetiological, with two groups: a large group with established aetiology, or very likely genetic syndromes, and another with no established cause. The age of onset of epilepsy in each aetiological group helps in the prognosis, which is worsened by refractoriness and associated neurodevelopmental disorders, and are generally worse at an earlier onset and in certain aetiologies.


Assuntos
Epilepsia/classificação , Adolescente , Idade de Início , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Epilepsia/etiologia , Síndromes Epilépticas/classificação , Síndromes Epilépticas/etiologia , Feminino , Unidades Hospitalares , Humanos , Lactente , Masculino , Neurologia , Pediatria , Fatores de Tempo
8.
Rev. neurol. (Ed. impr.) ; 63(10): 447-454, 16 nov., 2016. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-158105

RESUMO

Objetivo. Estudio descriptivo de las epilepsias no sintomáticas (idiopáticas y criptogénicas), según la edad de inicio, controladas en una unidad de neuropediatría de referencia regional durante tres años. Pacientes y métodos. Revisión de historias de niños con epilepsia no sintomática de la base de datos de neuropediatría controlados del 1 de enero de 2008 al 31 de diciembre de 2010. Resultados. De 4.595 niños atendidos en el período, se diagnosticaron de epilepsia 605 (13,17%), de las cuales 156 (25,79%) fueron idiopáticas, y 172 (28,43%), criptogénicas. La edad media de inicio del total fue de 4,78 años; 6,31 años en las idiopáticas y 5,43 años en las criptogénicas. El 26,12% del total de epilepsias se inició en el primer año. Las epilepsias idiopáticas predominan en el grupo de inicio de 6-10 años, y las criptogénicas, en el de 3-6 años. La epilepsia de ausencias y la epilepsia benigna de la infancia con paroxismos centrotemporales son los síndromes epilépticos idiopáticos más prevalentes. Conclusiones. Existen muchas diferencias de datos epidemiológicos publicados sobre epilepsia infantil por la dificultad que entraña un diagnóstico sindrómico en la edad pediátrica, debido a la variabilidad clínica y electroencefalográfica. La ausencia de una clasificación universalmente aceptada de los síndromes epilépticos dificulta comparaciones entre series. Todas las epilepsias son sintomáticas, puesto que tienen causa, sea genética o adquirida. Una clasificación útil es la etiológica, con dos grupos: un gran grupo con las etiologías establecidas o síndromes genéticos muy probables y otro de casos sin causa establecida. La edad de inicio orienta a determinadas etiologías (AU)


Aim. A descriptive study of non-symptomatic epilepsy (idiopathic and cryptogenic), according to age at onset, monitored at a Neuropediatric Section of regional reference over a period of three years. Patients and methods. A review of neuropediatric database medical records of children with non-symptomatic epilepsy supervised from Jan 1, 2008 till December 31, 2010. Results. Of the 4595 children attended during the period, 605 were diagnosed with epilepsy (13.17%): 156 (25.79%) idiopathic epilepsies and 172 (28.43%) cryptogenic epilepsies. The average age at onset of the total was 4.78 years: 6.31 years in idiopathic epilepsies and 5.43 years in cryptogenic epilepsies. 26.12% of all the epilepsies began in the first year of life. Idiopathic epilepsy predominates in the startup group of 6-10 years and cryptogenic epilepsy in 3-6 years. Absence epilepsy and benign childhood epilepsy with centro-temporal spikes are the idiopathic epileptic syndromes most prevalent. Conclusions. Many differences exist among published epidemiological data on childhood epilepsy due to the difficulty of a syndromic diagnosis in children, caused by clinical and electroencephalographic variability. The absence of a universally accepted classification of epileptic syndromes makes it difficult to compare publications. All epilepsies are symptomatic as they have a cause, whether it be genetic or acquired. A useful classification would be etiological, with two groups: one large with established etiology or very likely genetic syndromes and another with no established cause. The age at onset indicates specific etiologies (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Criança , Epilepsia/congênito , Epilepsia/patologia , Pediatria/educação , Neurologia/educação , Epilepsia Rolândica/congênito , Epilepsia Rolândica/patologia , Espasmos Infantis/congênito , Espasmos Infantis/patologia , Epilepsia/classificação , Epilepsia/complicações , Pediatria/métodos , Neurologia/métodos , Epilepsia Rolândica/genética , Epilepsia Rolândica/metabolismo , Espasmos Infantis/complicações , Espasmos Infantis/diagnóstico , Estudos Retrospectivos
9.
Med. clín (Ed. impr.) ; 146(7): 311-315, abr. 2016. graf, tab
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-150393

RESUMO

Introducción: El aumento del número de repeticiones del triplete citosina-guanina-guanina (CGG), en el gen FMR1 es responsable de 3 síndromes OMIM con fenotipo clínico bien diferenciado: síndrome de X frágil (SXF) y 2 enfermedades en adultos portadores de la premutación (55-200 repeticiones CGG): insuficiencia ovárica primaria (FXPOI) y síndrome de temblor-ataxia (FXTAS) asociado al SXF. Observación clínica o métodos: Se estudió la mutación dinámica CGG del gen FMR1 en muestras de ADN de sangre periférica del caso índice y familiares de primer, segundo y tercer grado mediante TP-PCR, así como el porcentaje de metilación. Resultados: Se confirmó el diagnóstico del SXF en 3 pacientes (21,4%), 8 pacientes (57,1%) se encontraban en el rango de premutación, un paciente varón con mosaicismo premutación-mutación completa (7,1%) y 2 pacientes (14,3%) con estudio normal. De los 8 pacientes premutados, 3 presentaron FXPOI y un paciente varón FXTAS. Discusión: Nuestro estudio muestra la importancia de realizar un diagnóstico precoz del SXF y su consecuente estudio familiar y consejo genético, que permita identificar nuevos pacientes afectos o pacientes premutados con síndromes relacionados con el gen FMR1 (FXTAS, FXPOI) (AU)


Introduction: The dynamic increase in the number of triplet repeats of cytosine-guanine-guanine (CGG) in the FMR1gene mutation is responsible for three OMIM syndromes with a distinct clinical phenotype: Fragile X syndrome (FXS) and two pathologies in adult carriers of the premutation (55-200 CGG repeats): Primary ovarian insufficiency (FXPOI) and tremor-ataxia syndrome (FXTAS) associated with FXS. Clinical observation and methods: CGG mutation dynamics of the FMR1 gene were studied in DNA samples from peripheral blood from the index case and other relatives of first, second and third degree by TP-PCR, and the percentage methylation. Results: Diagnosis of FXS was confirmed in three patients (21.4%), eight patients (57.1%) were confirmed in the premutation range transmitters, one male patient with full mutation/permutation mosaicism (7.1%) and two patients (14.3%) with normal study. Of the eight permutated patients, three had FXPOI and one male patient had FXTAS. Discussion: Our study suggests the importance of making an early diagnosis of SXF in order to carry out a family study and genetic counselling, which allow the identification of new cases or premutated patients with FMR1 gene- associated syndromes (FXTAS, FXPOI) (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Pré-Escolar , Criança , Adolescente , Adulto Jovem , Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Idoso , Síndrome do Cromossomo X Frágil/diagnóstico , Síndrome do Cromossomo X Frágil/genética , Expansão das Repetições de Trinucleotídeos/fisiologia , Menopausa Precoce , Deficiência Intelectual/diagnóstico , Deficiência Intelectual/etiologia , Insuficiência Ovariana Primária/diagnóstico , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase/métodos
10.
Rev Neurol ; 62(6): 241-8, 2016 Mar 16.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26961422

RESUMO

AIM: To analyze the factors involved in the prognosis of symptomatic epilepsies in relation to their age at onset, monitored at a neuropediatric section of regional reference over a period of three years. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Children diagnosed with symptomatic epilepsy, supervised from January 1, 2008 to December 31, 2010, collecting epidemiological, clinical and developmental data. RESULTS: Of the 4595 children attended during the period, the diagnosis of epilepsy was established at 605 (13.17%): 277 (45.79%) symptomatic epilepsies. Symptomatic etiology predomininates in epileptic patients that started below one year of age, 67.72%, and between 1-3 years, 61.39%. 37.54% of symptomatic epilepsy is refractory, 72.92% have cognitive impairment, 55.23% have motor impairment and 17.32% have autism spectrum disorder. The younger the patient, the higher the percentage of refractoriness and display of any neurological or associated development impact. Some etiologies have higher rates of refractoriness. CONCLUSIONS: A useful classification would be etiological, with two groups: a large group with established etiology or very likely genetic syndromes and another with no established cause. The age of onset of epilepsy in each etiological group adds prognostic orientation. Prognosis of epilepsy is overshadowed by refractoriness and associated neurodevelopmental disorders, which are generally worse at an earlier onset and in certain etiologies.


TITLE: Pronostico de las epilepsias sintomaticas segun la edad de inicio, controladas durante tres años en una unidad de neuropediatria de referencia regional.Objetivo. Analizar los factores implicados en el pronostico de las epilepsias sintomaticas en relacion con su edad de inicio, controladas en una unidad de neuropediatria de referencia regional durante tres años. Pacientes y metodos. Revision de los pacientes con diagnostico de epilepsia sintomatica, controlados desde el 1 de enero de 2008 hasta el 31 de diciembre de 2010, recogiendo datos epidemiologicos, clinicos y evolutivos. Resultados. Del total de 4.595 niños atendidos en el periodo, se establecio el diagnostico de epilepsia en 605 (13,17%), de las cuales 277 (45,79%) son epilepsias sintomaticas. En los pacientes que iniciaron la epilepsia por debajo del año de vida predominan las de etiologia sintomatica (67,72%), y tambien entre 1-3 años (61,39%). El 37,54% de las epilepsias sintomaticas son refractarias, el 72,92% asocian un deficit cognitivo, el 55,23%, alguna afectacion motora, y el 17,32%, algun trastorno del espectro autista. A menor edad, mayor porcentaje de refractariedad y de presentar alguna repercusion neurologica o del desarrollo asociada. Algunas etiologias tienen mayores tasas de refractariedad. Conclusiones. Una clasificacion util de la epilepsia es la etiologica, con dos grupos: un gran grupo con las etiologias establecidas o sindromes geneticos muy probables, y otro de casos sin causa establecida. La edad de inicio de la epilepsia en cada grupo etiologico añade orientacion pronostica. El pronostico lo ensombrecen la refractariedad y las alteraciones asociadas del neurodesarrollo, y es peor, en general, cuanto mas precoz es el inicio y en etiologias concretas.


Assuntos
Epilepsia/terapia , Adolescente , Idade de Início , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Epilepsia/diagnóstico , Feminino , Humanos , Lactente , Masculino , Prognóstico , Estudos Retrospectivos , Fatores de Tempo
11.
Rev. neurol. (Ed. impr.) ; 62(6): 241-248, 16 mar., 2016. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-150975

RESUMO

Objetivo. Analizar los factores implicados en el pronóstico de las epilepsias sintomáticas en relación con su edad de inicio, controladas en una unidad de neuropediatría de referencia regional durante tres años. Pacientes y métodos. Revisión de los pacientes con diagnóstico de epilepsia sintomática, controlados desde el 1 de enero de 2008 hasta el 31 de diciembre de 2010, recogiendo datos epidemiológicos, clínicos y evolutivos. Resultados. Del total de 4.595 niños atendidos en el período, se estableció el diagnóstico de epilepsia en 605 (13,17%), de las cuales 277 (45,79%) son epilepsias sintomáticas. En los pacientes que iniciaron la epilepsia por debajo del año de vida predominan las de etiología sintomática (67,72%), y también entre 1-3 años (61,39%). El 37,54% de las epilepsias sintomáticas son refractarias, el 72,92% asocian un déficit cognitivo, el 55,23%, alguna afectación motora, y el 17,32%, algún trastorno del espectro autista. A menor edad, mayor porcentaje de refractariedad y de presentar alguna repercusión neurológica o del desarrollo asociada. Algunas etiologías tienen mayores tasas de refractariedad. Conclusiones. Una clasificación útil de la epilepsia es la etiológica, con dos grupos: un gran grupo con las etiologías establecidas o síndromes genéticos muy probables, y otro de casos sin causa establecida. La edad de inicio de la epilepsia en cada grupo etiológico añade orientación pronóstica. El pronóstico lo ensombrecen la refractariedad y las alteraciones asociadas del neurodesarrollo, y es peor, en general, cuanto más precoz es el inicio y en etiologías concretas (AU)


Aim. To analyze the factors involved in the prognosis of symptomatic epilepsies in relation to their age at onset, monitored at a neuropediatric section of regional reference over a period of three years. Patients and methods. Children diagnosed with symptomatic epilepsy, supervised from January 1, 2008 to December 31, 2010, collecting epidemiological, clinical and developmental data. Results. Of the 4595 children attended during the period, the diagnosis of epilepsy was established at 605 (13.17%): 277 (45.79%) symptomatic epilepsies. Symptomatic etiology predomininates in epileptic patients that started below one year of age, 67.72%, and between 1-3 years, 61.39%. 37.54% of symptomatic epilepsy is refractory, 72.92% have cognitive impairment, 55.23% have motor impairment and 17.32% have autism spectrum disorder. The younger the patient, the higher the percentage of refractoriness and display of any neurological or associated development impact. Some etiologies have higher rates of refractoriness. Conclusions. A useful classification would be etiological, with two groups: a large group with established etiology or very likely genetic syndromes and another with no established cause. The age of onset of epilepsy in each etiological group adds prognostic orientation. Prognosis of epilepsy is overshadowed by refractoriness and associated neurodevelopmental disorders, which are generally worse at an earlier onset and in certain etiologies (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Lactente , Pré-Escolar , Criança , Epilepsia/epidemiologia , Epilepsia/prevenção & controle , Prognóstico , Encefalopatias/epidemiologia , Encefalopatias/prevenção & controle , Convulsões Febris/epidemiologia , Convulsões Febris/prevenção & controle , Febre/etiologia , Estudos Retrospectivos
12.
Rev Neurol ; 62(4): 145-51, 2016 Feb 16.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26860718

RESUMO

AIM: To analyze the factors involved in the prognosis of non-symptomatic epilepsy (idiopathic and cryptogenic) in relation to their age of onset, monitored at a regional section of Neuropediatry reference over a period of three years. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Patients with diagnosis of non-symptomatic epilepsy supervised from January 1, 2008 to December 31, 2010, collecting epidemiological, clinical, complementary examinations and developmental data. RESULTS: Of the 4595 children attended during the period, the diagnosis of epilepsy was established in 605 (13.17%): 156 (25.79%) idiopathic epilepsies and 172 (28.43%) cryptogenic epilepsies. 15.7% of cryptogenic epilepsies and 14.1% of idiopathic epilepsies are refractory to treatment. Some epileptic syndromes, such as reflex epilepsies, Dravet syndrome, Ohtahara syndrome or Lennox-Gastaut syndrome, have higher rates of drug resistance. 84.62% of idiopathic epilepsies and 79.77% of cryptogenic epilepsies present no other associated neurological disorder. CONCLUSIONS: A useful classification would be etiological, with two groups: a large group with established etiology or very likely genetic syndromes and another with no established cause. The age of onset of epilepsy in each etiological group adds prognostic orientation. Prognosis of epilepsy is worsened by refractoriness and associated neurodevelopmental disorders, and are generally worse at an earlier onset and in certain etiologies.


TITLE: Pronostico de las epilepsias no sintomaticas segun la edad de inicio, controladas durante tres años en una unidad de neuropediatria de referencia regional.Objetivo. Analizar los factores implicados en el pronostico de las epilepsias no sintomaticas (idiopaticas y criptogenicas) en relacion con su edad de inicio, controladas en una unidad de neuropediatria de referencia regional durante un periodo de tres años. Pacientes y metodos. Analisis de los pacientes con diagnostico de epilepsia no sintomatica, controlados desde el 1 de enero de 2008 hasta el 31 de diciembre de 2010, recogiendo datos epidemiologicos, clinicos, examenes complementarios y datos evolutivos. Resultados. Del total de 4.595 niños atendidos en el periodo, se establecio el diagnostico de epilepsia en 605 (13,17%), de las cuales 156 (25,79%) fueron epilepsias idiopaticas, y 172 (28,43%), criptogenicas. El 15,7% de las epilepsias criptogenicas y el 14,1% de las idiopaticas son refractarias al tratamiento. Algunos sindromes epilepticos, como las epilepsias reflejas, el sindrome de Dravet, el sindrome de Ohtahara o el sindrome de Lennox-Gastaut, tienen mayores tasas de farmacorresistencia. No presentan otra alteracion neurologica asociada el 84,62% de las epilepsias idiopaticas y el 79,77% de las epilepsias criptogenicas. Conclusiones. Una clasificacion util de la epilepsia es la etiologica, con dos grupos: un gran grupo con las etiologias establecidas o sindromes geneticos muy probables y otro de casos sin causa establecida. La edad de inicio de la epilepsia en cada grupo etiologico añade orientacion pronostica. El pronostico lo ensombrecen la refractariedad y las alteraciones asociadas del neurodesarrollo, y es peor, en general, cuanto mas precoz sea el inicio y en etiologias concretas.


Assuntos
Epilepsia/epidemiologia , Adolescente , Idade de Início , Transtorno do Espectro Autista/epidemiologia , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Comorbidade , Deficiências do Desenvolvimento/epidemiologia , Epilepsia Resistente a Medicamentos/epidemiologia , Epilepsia Resistente a Medicamentos/terapia , Epilepsia/etiologia , Epilepsia/genética , Epilepsia/terapia , Feminino , Humanos , Lactente , Deficiência Intelectual/epidemiologia , Masculino , Transtornos dos Movimentos/epidemiologia , Prognóstico , Estudos Retrospectivos , Espanha/epidemiologia , Síndrome , Resultado do Tratamento
13.
Rev. neurol. (Ed. impr.) ; 62(4): 145-151, 16 feb., 2016. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-148776

RESUMO

Objetivo. Analizar los factores implicados en el pronóstico de las epilepsias no sintomáticas (idiopáticas y criptogénicas) en relación con su edad de inicio, controladas en una unidad de neuropediatría de referencia regional durante un período de tres años. Pacientes y métodos. Análisis de los pacientes con diagnóstico de epilepsia no sintomática, controlados desde el 1 de enero de 2008 hasta el 31 de diciembre de 2010, recogiendo datos epidemiológicos, clínicos, exámenes complementarios y datos evolutivos. Resultados. Del total de 4.595 niños atendidos en el período, se estableció el diagnóstico de epilepsia en 605 (13,17%), de las cuales 156 (25,79%) fueron epilepsias idiopáticas, y 172 (28,43%), criptogénicas. El 15,7% de las epilepsias criptogénicas y el 14,1% de las idiopáticas son refractarias al tratamiento. Algunos síndromes epilépticos, como las epilepsias reflejas, el síndrome de Dravet, el síndrome de Ohtahara o el síndrome de Lennox-Gastaut, tienen mayores tasas de farmacorresistencia. No presentan otra alteración neurológica asociada el 84,62% de las epilepsias idiopáticas y el 79,77% de las epilepsias criptogénicas. Conclusiones. Una clasificación útil de la epilepsia es la etiológica, con dos grupos: un gran grupo con las etiologías establecidas o síndromes genéticos muy probables y otro de casos sin causa establecida. La edad de inicio de la epilepsia en cada grupo etiológico añade orientación pronóstica. El pronóstico lo ensombrecen la refractariedad y las alteraciones asociadas del neurodesarrollo, y es peor, en general, cuanto más precoz sea el inicio y en etiologías concretas (AU)


Aim. To analyze the factors involved in the prognosis of non-symptomatic epilepsy (idiopathic and cryptogenic) in relation to their age of onset, monitored at a regional section of Neuropediatry reference over a period of three years. Patients and methods. Patients with diagnosis of non-symptomatic epilepsy supervised from January 1, 2008 to December 31, 2010, collecting epidemiological, clinical, complementary examinations and developmental data. Results. Of the 4595 children attended during the period, the diagnosis of epilepsy was established in 605 (13.17%): 156 (25.79%) idiopathic epilepsies and 172 (28.43%) cryptogenic epilepsies. 15.7% of cryptogenic epilepsies and 14.1% of idiopathic epilepsies are refractory to treatment. Some epileptic syndromes, such as reflex epilepsies, Dravet syndrome, Ohtahara syndrome or Lennox-Gastaut syndrome, have higher rates of drug resistance. 84.62% of idiopathic epilepsies and 79.77% of cryptogenic epilepsies present no other associated neurological disorder. Conclusions. A useful classification would be etiological, with two groups: a large group with established etiology or very likely genetic syndromes and another with no established cause. The age of onset of epilepsy in each etiological group adds prognostic orientation. Prognosis of epilepsy is worsened by refractoriness and associated neurodevelopmental disorders, and are generally worse at an earlier onset and in certain etiologies (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Criança , Epilepsia/classificação , Epilepsia/epidemiologia , Epilepsia/prevenção & controle , Prognóstico , Deficiência Intelectual/complicações , Deficiência Intelectual/diagnóstico , Deficiências do Desenvolvimento/complicações , Deficiências do Desenvolvimento/diagnóstico , Epilepsia/genética , Epilepsia/fisiopatologia , Estudos Retrospectivos
14.
Med Clin (Barc) ; 146(7): 311-5, 2016 Apr 01.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26776484

RESUMO

INTRODUCTION: The dynamic increase in the number of triplet repeats of cytosine-guanine-guanine (CGG) in the FMR1 gene mutation is responsible for three OMIM syndromes with a distinct clinical phenotype: Fragile X syndrome (FXS) and two pathologies in adult carriers of the premutation (55-200 CGG repeats): Primary ovarian insufficiency (FXPOI) and tremor-ataxia syndrome (FXTAS) associated with FXS. CLINICAL OBSERVATION AND METHODS: CGG mutation dynamics of the FMR1 gene were studied in DNA samples from peripheral blood from the index case and other relatives of first, second and third degree by TP-PCR, and the percentage methylation. RESULTS: Diagnosis of FXS was confirmed in three patients (21.4%), eight patients (57.1%) were confirmed in the premutation range transmitters, one male patient with full mutation/permutation mosaicism (7.1%) and two patients (14.3%) with normal study. Of the eight permutated patients, three had FXPOI and one male patient had FXTAS. DISCUSSION: Our study suggests the importance of making an early diagnosis of SXF in order to carry out a family study and genetic counselling, which allow the identification of new cases or premutated patients with FMR1 gene- associated syndromes (FXTAS, FXPOI).


Assuntos
Ataxia/genética , Proteína do X Frágil de Retardo Mental/genética , Síndrome do Cromossomo X Frágil/genética , Insuficiência Ovariana Primária/genética , Tremor/genética , Repetições de Trinucleotídeos , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Ataxia/diagnóstico , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Feminino , Síndrome do Cromossomo X Frágil/diagnóstico , Marcadores Genéticos , Testes Genéticos , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Mutação , Insuficiência Ovariana Primária/diagnóstico , Tremor/diagnóstico
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